Glossary

Sooty mold is a dark fungal coating that grows on sticky honeydew deposited by certain sap-feeding insects. On mangoes it can cover leaves, twigs, or peel without being the same disease as anthracnose. Heavy coverage can reduce light reaching leaves and make fruit unattractive. Inspect for scale insects, mealybugs, or other honeydew producers and consider ant activity. Managing the source of honeydew is generally more useful than repeatedly trying to remove the black coating without addressing the insects.

Scale insects are sap-feeding insects, many of which become relatively immobile and develop a protective covering. Mango trees can host different kinds, and some honeydew-producing scales encourage sooty mold and ant activity. Other scales do not produce honeydew, so black coating is not a universal symptom. Examine living insects and their distribution before selecting management. Protect natural enemies where possible, and do not mistake every fixed bump on a branch for an active pest.